Part I · History · Paper 4 of 40
“Aether theories were never a single hypothesis. Nine mechanistically distinct families were proposed, and the 1887 experiment tested a property definitional for only two of them.”
Reporting the aether as disproven in 1887 is like reporting that vehicles were disproven because one design failed a crash test. This paper separates the nine families, shows what each claimed, and records why each actually fell: six independent refutations, not one.